Muscle Pain Relief Device for Sports Injuries

Sports injuries are injuries that occur when engaging in sports or exercise. Sports injuries can occur due to overtraining, lack of conditioning, and improper form or technique. Failing to warm up increases the risk of sports injuries. Bruises, strains, sprains, tears, and broken bones can result from sports injuries. Soft tissues like muscles, ligaments, tendons, fascia, and bursae may be affected. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is another potential type of sports injury.

Muscles Pain Symptoms

• Sudden, severe pain, Swelling
• Inability to place weight on a lower limb
• Extreme tenderness in an upper limb
• Inability to move a joint through a full range of motion
• Extreme limb weakness
• Visible dislocation/break of a bone
• Pain when performing activities
• A dull ache when at rest

Knee Injuries

Because of its complex structure and weight-bearing capacity, the knee is the most commonly injured joint. Knee injuries can result from a blow to or twist of the knee; from improper landing after a jump; or from running too hard, too much, or without a proper warmup.

• Runner’s knee (pain or tenderness close to or under the knee cap at the front or side of the knee)
• Iliotibial band syndrome (pain on the outer side of the knee)
• Tendinitis, also called tendinosis (marked by degeneration within a tendon, usually where it joins the bone)

Severe Knee Injuries

More severe injuries include bone bruises or damage to the cartilage or ligaments. There are two types of cartilage in the knee. One is the meniscus, a crescent-shaped disc that absorbs shock between the thigh (femur) and lower leg bones (tibia and fibula). The other is a surface-coating (or articular) cartilage. It covers the ends of the bones where they meet, allowing them to glide against one another. The four major ligaments prone to injuries are Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), Medial collateral ligament (MCL), Lateral collateral ligament (LCL)

Sprains

A sprain is a stretch or tear of a ligament, the band of connective tissues that joins the end of one bone with another. Sprains are caused by trauma such as a fall or blow to the body that knocks a joint out of position and, in the worst case, ruptures the supporting ligaments. Sprains can range from first degree (minimally stretched ligament) to third degree (a complete tear). Areas of the body most vulnerable to sprains are Ankles, Knees, Wrists.

Signs of a sprain include varying degrees of tenderness or pain; bruising; inflammation; swelling; inability to move a limb or joint; or joint looseness, laxity, or instability.

Strains

A strain is a twist, pull, or tear of a muscle or tendon, a cord of tissue connecting muscle to bone. It is an acute, non-contact injury that results from overstretching or over-contraction. Symptoms of a strain include Pain, Muscle spasm, Loss of strength. While it’s hard to tell the difference between mild and moderate strains, severe strains not treated professionally can cause damage and loss of function.

Compartment Syndrome

In many parts of the body, muscles (along with the nerves and blood vessels that run alongside and through them) are enclosed in a “compartment” formed of a tough membrane called fascia. When muscles become swollen, they can fill the compartment to capacity, causing interference with nerves and blood vessels as well as damage to the muscles themselves. The resulting painful condition is referred to as compartment syndrome.

Acute Compartment Syndrome : Compartment syndrome may be caused by a one-time traumatic injury (acute compartment syndrome), such as From a fractured bone, From a hard blow to the thigh, By repeated hard blows (depending upon the sport)

Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome : Compartment syndrome may also be caused by ongoing which may occur, for example, in long-distance running.

Shin splints

While the term “shin splints” has been widely used to describe any sort of leg pain associated with exercise, the term actually refers to pain along the tibia or shin bone, the large bone in the front of the lower leg. This pain can occur at the front outside part of the lower leg, including the: Foot and ankle (anterior shin splints), The inner edge of the bone where it meets the calf muscles (medial shin splints).

Risk Factors For Shin Splints : Shin splints are primarily seen in runners, particularly those just starting a running program due to Overuse or incorrect use of the lower leg, Improper stretching, warm-up, or exercise technique, Overtraining,  running or jumping on hard surfaces, Running in shoes that don’t have enough support

Achilles tendon injuries

A stretch, tear, or irritation to the tendon connecting the calf muscle to the back of the heel, Achilles tendon injuries can be so sudden and agonizing that they have been known to bring down charging professional football players in shocking fashion. The most common cause of Achilles tendon tears is a problem called tendinitis, a degenerative condition caused by aging or overuse. When a tendon is weakened, trauma can cause it to rupture.

Fracture

A fracture is a break in the bone that can occur from either a quick, one-time injury to the bone (acute fracture) or from repeated stress to the bone over time (stress fracture).

Closed and Open Fractures : Closed fractures can be simple (a clean break with little damage to the surrounding tissue) or open (a break in which the bone pierces the skin with little damage to the surrounding tissue). Most open fractures are emergencies. One that breaks the skin is especially dangerous because there is a high risk of infection.

Stress Fractures : Stress fractures occur largely in the feet and legs and are common in sports that require repetitive impact, primarily running/jumping sports such as gymnastics or track and field. Running creates forces two to three times a person’s body weight on the lower limbs. The most common symptom of a stress fracture is a pain at the site that worsens with weight-bearing activity. Tenderness and swelling often accompany the pain.

Dislocations

When the two bones that come together to form a joint become separated, the joint is described as being dislocated. Contact sports such as football and basketball, as well as high-impact sports and sports that can result in excessive stretching or falling, cause the majority of dislocations. A dislocated joint is an emergency situation that requires medical treatment. The joints most likely to be dislocated are some of the hand joints. Aside from these joints, the joint most frequently dislocated is the shoulder. Dislocations of the knees, hips, and elbows are uncommon.

Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injuries

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs when a sudden physical assault on the head causes damage to the brain. A closed injury occurs when the head suddenly and violently hits an object, but the object does not break through the skull. A penetrating injury occurs when an object pierces the skull and enters the brain tissue. Several types of traumatic injuries can affect the head and brain. A skull fracture occurs when the bone of the skull cracks or breaks. A depressed skull fracture occurs when pieces of the broken skull press into the tissue of the brain. This can cause bruising of the brain tissue, called a contusion. A contusion can also occur in response to shaking of the brain within the confines of the skull. Damage to a major blood vessel within the head can cause a hematoma or heavy bleeding into or around the brain. The severity of a TBI can range from a mild concussion to the extremes of coma or even death.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) occurs when a traumatic event results in damage to cells in the spinal cord or severs the nerve tracts that relay signals up and down the spinal cord. The most common types of spinal cord injury include Contusion (bruising of the spinal cord), Compression (caused by pressure on the spinal cord), lacerations (severing or tearing of nerve fibers) and central cord syndrome (specific damage to the cervical region of the spinal cord).

Many sports injuries cause immediate pain or discomfort. Others, like overuse injuries, might be noticed only after long-term damage. These injuries are often diagnosed during routine physical examinations or check ups.

Physical examination. Your doctor may attempt to move the injured joint or body part. This helps them see how the area is moving, or how it’s not moving if that’s the case.

Medical history. This involves asking you questions about how you were injured, what you were doing, what you’ve done since the injury, and more. If this is your first time visiting this doctor, they may also ask for a more thorough medical history.

Imaging tests. X-rays, MRIs, CT scans, and ultrasounds can all help your doctor and healthcare providers see inside your body. This helps them confirm a sports injury diagnosis.

Treatments to Cure Sports Muscles Pain

The PRICE principle for treating common sports injuries, The U.S. Marines say that “pain is weakness leaving your body.” Most of the rest of us would add, “OK, but can’t we hurry it up a little?” The answer is yes. Using the PRICE method to treat any common sports injury will help get you back in the game sooner. First, it’s important to know that swelling is a normal response to these injuries. Excessive swelling, though, can reduce range of motion and interfere with healing. You can limit swelling and start healing faster after common sports injuries by using the PRICE principle:

P — Protect from further injury. For more severe injuries, protect the injured area with a splint, pad, or crutch.

R — Restrict activity. Restricting activity will prevent worsening of the injury.

I — apply ice. Apply ice immediately after a common sports injury. “Ice is the miracle drug” for sports injuries, says Putukian. “It’s an anti-inflammatory, without many side effects.” Use ice for 20 minutes every one to two hours for the first 48 hours after the injury. Don’t use heat during this time — it encourages swelling and inflammation.

C — apply compression. Compression with an elastic bandage will help reduce swelling.

E — elevate the injured area. Elevating the injured area above the heart will also reduce swelling.

Both over-the-counter and prescription medications are available to treat sports injuries. Most of them provide relief from pain and swelling. Serious sports injuries can require surgery and physical therapy.

Prevention and Self care

• The best way to prevent a sports injury is to warm up properly and stretch. Cold muscles are prone to overstretching and tears. Warm muscles are more flexible. They can absorb quick movements, bends, and jerks, making injury less likely.
• Use the proper technique : Learn the proper way to move during your sport or activity. Different types of exercise require different stances and postures. For example, in some sports, bending your knees at the right time can help avoid an injury to your spine or hips.
• Have the proper equipment. Wear the right shoes. Make sure you have the proper athletic protection. Ill-fitting shoes or gear can increase your risk for injury.
• Don’t overdo it. If you do get hurt, make sure you’re healed before you start the activity again. Don’t try to “work through” the pain.
• Cool down. Remember to cool down after your activity. Usually, this involves doing the same stretching and exercises involved in a warmup. Resume activity slowly. Don’t be tempted to nurse your injury for too long. Excessive rest may delay healing. After the initial 48-hour period of RICE, you can start using heat to help relax tight muscles. Take things slowly, and ease back in to exercise or your sport of choice.

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References :

https://www.healthline.com/health/sports-injuries#treatment

https://www.webmd.com/men/features/seven-most-common-sports-injuries#2

https://www.onhealth.com/content/1/most_effective_exercises

https://www.medicinenet.com/sports_injury_treaments/views.htm

https://www.verywellhealth.com/sports-injury-guide-the-common-types-of-sports-injuries-190447

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/sports-injuries

https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-6196(11)61846-6/abstract